Alla ricerca dei parametri di grammaticalità nelle grammatiche medievali

Abstract

The concepts of Latinitas and Hellenismós accompany the development of linguistic reflection in the Ancient grammaticography. They stimulate a reflection on concepts such as barbarismós/soloikismós and on their related definitions. Together with those errors represented by figura and metaplasmus they mark the areas of foundations of those grammatical components that are used to formulate concepts such as lógos, lexicon, parts of speech and their composition (syntaxis/ constructio). The theory of language by the Modistae based on late ancient Latin grammarians are footed on the principles represented by terms such as vox, dictio, pars orationis and constructio. This terminological grid represents a map of their theory, and their theory a precise map of the language on the Aristotelian model. According to the Modistae, syntax is based on three passiones: constructio, congruitas and perfectio. The constructio is obviously the syntactic structure itself; congruitas is the formability of individual constructions; perfectio is the completeness of the sentence. In this work, I will focus on the concept of congruitas in the grammars of the Modistae as a new reference parameter to define grammaticality also in consideration of the cases of lack of grammaticality represented by solecisms, improprietas, inconcinnitas, and vitium.